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  <doi_batch_id>aspg-21-1452-1791472385</doi_batch_id>
  <timestamp>20261008151305</timestamp>
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  <journal>
   <journal_metadata language="en">
    <full_title>International Journal of Neutrosophic Science</full_title>
    <abbrev_title>IJNS</abbrev_title>
    <issn media_type="print">2692-6148</issn>
    <issn media_type="electronic">2690-6805</issn>
   </journal_metadata>
   <journal_issue>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2023</year>
    </publication_date>
    <journal_volume>
     <volume>20</volume>
    </journal_volume>
    <issue>1</issue>
   </journal_issue>
   <journal_article publication_type="full_text">
    <titles>
     <title>Separation Axioms on Bipolar Hypersoft Topological Spaces</title>
    </titles>
    <contributors>
     <person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Sagvan Y.</given_name>
      <surname>Musa</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Education, University of Zakho, Zakho 42002, Iraq</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Baravan A.</given_name>
      <surname>Asaad</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Department of Computer Science, College of Science, Cihan University-Duhok, Duhok 42001, Iraq ; Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Zakho, Zakho 42002, Iraq</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
    </contributors>
    <jats:abstract>
     <jats:p>According to its definition, a topological space could be a highly unexpected object. There are spaces (indiscreet space) which have only two open sets: the empty set and the entire space. In a discrete space, on the other hand, each set is open. These two artificial extremes are very rarely seen in actual practice. Most spaces in geometry and analysis fall somewhere between these two types of spaces. Accordingly, the separation axioms allow us to say with confidence whether a topological space contains a sufficient number of open sets to meet our needs. To this end, we use bipolar hypersoft (BHS) sets (one of the efficient tools to deal with ambiguity and vagueness) to define a new kind of separation axioms called BHS Ti-space (i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4). We show that ee BHS Ti-space (i = 1,2) implies BHS Ti−1-space; however, the converse is false, as shown by an example. e For i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, we prove that BHS Ti -space is hypersoft (HS) Ti -space and we present a condition so that eee HS Ti-space is BHS Ti-space. Moreover, we study that a BHS subspace of a BHS Ti-space is a BHS Ti-space for i = 0,1,2,3.</jats:p>
    </jats:abstract>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2023</year>
    </publication_date>
    <pages>
     <first_page>150</first_page>
     <last_page>164</last_page>
    </pages>
    <publisher_item>
     <item_number item_number_type="article-number">1452</item_number>
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     <doi>10.54216/IJNS.200112</doi>
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