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  <doi_batch_id>aspg-3-3107-1791419561</doi_batch_id>
  <timestamp>20261008003241</timestamp>
  <depositor>
   <depositor_name>American Scientific Publishing Group</depositor_name>
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  <journal>
   <journal_metadata language="en">
    <full_title>Fusion: Practice and Applications</full_title>
    <abbrev_title>FPA</abbrev_title>
    <issn media_type="print">2770-0070</issn>
    <issn media_type="electronic">2692-4048</issn>
   </journal_metadata>
   <journal_issue>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2025</year>
    </publication_date>
    <journal_volume>
     <volume>17</volume>
    </journal_volume>
    <issue>1</issue>
   </journal_issue>
   <journal_article publication_type="full_text">
    <titles>
     <title>Wielding Neural Networks to Interpret Facial Emotions in Photographs with Fragmentary Occlusions</title>
    </titles>
    <contributors>
     <person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>K. Anji</given_name>
      <surname>Reddy</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Applications, V.R.Siddhartha Engineering College, Vijayawada, India</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>K. Sivarama</given_name>
      <surname>Krishna</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Associate Professor, Dept. of CSE, Andhra Loyola Institute of Engineering and Technology, Vijayawada, India</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Bhanu Prakash</given_name>
      <surname>Battula</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Professor &amp; Head,Department of CSD,KKR &amp; KSR Institute of Technology and Sciences, Guntur, India</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Bajjuri Usha</given_name>
      <surname>Rani</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Sr.Assistant Professor,Lakireddy Bali Reddy College of Engineering (A), Mylavaram, India</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>P. V. V. S.</given_name>
      <surname>Srinivas</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Associate Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
    </contributors>
    <jats:abstract>
     <jats:p>For many years, scientists have studied the way people express their emotions through body language and facial expressions. However, it is extremely difficult to accurately interpret the emotions of a person from just a single image. Interpreting facial emotions in photographs is a complex task. It is challenging to accurately detect facial emotions with the help of neural networks when the face is occluded with fragmentary blocks. With the advent of technology, emotion detection has become more accurate and reliable. It is now possible to use facial expression recognition in images to detect emotions such as happiness, sadness, anger, fear, surprise, and more. This research discusses the effectiveness of using neural networks to identify facial emotions in photographs with occlusions present. The datasets like Fer2013 dataset, CREMA-D and RAVDESS were used to train the model and the datasets were altered by implanting occlusions randomly in the images. The altered datasets were also used to evaluate the model. The challenges and opportunities that arise when neural networks are used in this context are explored. Additionally, insight is also provided into the best approach to accomplish the task.</jats:p>
    </jats:abstract>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2025</year>
    </publication_date>
    <pages>
     <first_page>146</first_page>
     <last_page>158</last_page>
    </pages>
    <publisher_item>
     <item_number item_number_type="article-number">3107</item_number>
    </publisher_item>
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     <ai:license_ref applies_to="vor">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ai:license_ref>
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    <doi_data>
     <doi>10.54216/FPA.170111</doi>
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