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  <doi_batch_id>aspg-28-3236-1792155102</doi_batch_id>
  <timestamp>20261016125142</timestamp>
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  <journal>
   <journal_metadata language="en">
    <full_title>Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Metaheuristics</full_title>
    <abbrev_title>JAIM</abbrev_title>
    <issn media_type="electronic">2833-5597</issn>
   </journal_metadata>
   <journal_issue>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2024</year>
    </publication_date>
    <journal_volume>
     <volume>8</volume>
    </journal_volume>
    <issue>1</issue>
   </journal_issue>
   <journal_article publication_type="full_text">
    <titles>
     <title>Football Optimization Algorithm (FbOA): A Novel Metaheuristic Inspired by Team Strategy Dynamics</title>
    </titles>
    <contributors>
     <person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>El-Sayed M.</given_name>
      <surname>El-Kenawy</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>School of ICT, Faculty of Engineering, Design and Information &amp; Communications Technology (EDICT), Bahrain Polytechnic, PO Box 33349, Isa Town, Bahrain; Jadara University Research Center, Jad</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Faris H.</given_name>
      <surname>Rizk</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Computer Science and Intelligent Systems Research Center, Blacksburg 24060, Virginia, USA</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Ahmed Mohamed</given_name>
      <surname>Zaki</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Computer Science and Intelligent Systems Research Center, Blacksburg 24060, Virginia, USA</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Mahmoud Elshabrawy</given_name>
      <surname>Mohamed</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Computer Science and Intelligent Systems Research Center, Blacksburg 24060, Virginia, USA</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Abdelhameed</given_name>
      <surname>Ibrahim</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>School of ICT, Faculty of Engineering, Design and Information &amp; Communications Technology (EDICT), Bahrain Polytechnic, PO Box 33349, Isa Town, Bahrain</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Abdelaziz A.</given_name>
      <surname>Abdelhamid</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; Department of Computer Science, College of Computing and Information Te</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Nima</given_name>
      <surname>Khodadadi</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Ehab M.</given_name>
      <surname>Almetwally</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Marwa M.</given_name>
      <surname>Eid</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Faculty of Artificial Intelligence, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura 11152, Egypt</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
    </contributors>
    <jats:abstract>
     <jats:p>The Football Optimization Algorithm (FbOA) is introduced as a novel population-based metaheuristic optimization technique inspired by the dynamic strategies of a football team. Designed to address complex optimization problems characterized by high dimensionality, nonlinearity, and multiple local optima, FbOA draws on the strategic balance between exploration and exploitation observed in football gameplay. The algorithm mimics players’ tactical positioning and movement, incorporating short passes, long passes, and positional adjustments to explore and exploit the solution space effectively. This study comprehensively evaluates the performance of FbOA using benchmark functions from the CEC 2005 test suite with 30-dimensional and 100- dimensional optimization problems. The results demonstrate that FbOA outperforms several state-of-the-art metaheuristic algorithms regarding convergence speed, accuracy, and robustness. The findings suggest that FbOA offers a promising alternative for solving various optimization challenges across multiple fields.</jats:p>
    </jats:abstract>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2024</year>
    </publication_date>
    <pages>
     <first_page>21</first_page>
     <last_page>38</last_page>
    </pages>
    <publisher_item>
     <item_number item_number_type="article-number">3236</item_number>
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     <doi>10.54216/JAIM.080103</doi>
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