aspg-3-3382-1791417255 20261007235415 American Scientific Publishing Group admin@americaspg.com American Scientific Publishing Group Fusion: Practice and Applications FPA 2770-0070 2692-4048 2025 17 2 Arwa Darwish Alzughaibi Applied College, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia Leukemia is a form of blood cancer that targets white blood cells (WBC) and stands as a major cause of mortality worldwide. During the center of human bones, leukaemia is presented and provides blood cell generation with leukocytes and WBC, and if some cell comes to be blasted, then it grows a fatal illness. For that reason, the analysis of leukaemia in its initial stages aids significantly in the treatment accompanied by saving the life. At present, leukemia analysis is done by visual assessment of biomedical images of blood cells, which is time-consuming, tedious, and wants to train specialists. Consequently, the lack of an early, automatic, and effectual leukemia recognition model is a major problem in hospitals. A few automated techniques like deep learning (DL) and Machine learning (ML) methodologies for leukemia cancer identification are presented that offer remarkable and effectual results. This study develops a Robust Multimodal Fusion of Transfer Learning Framework for Leukemia Cancer Detection and Classification (RMFTLF-LCDC) algorithm. The RMFTLF-LCDC system mostly suggests identifying and classifying the existence of leukemia cancer on biomedical imaging. At first, the RMFTLF-LCDC model applies image preprocessing using a kernel correlation filter (KCF) to eliminate the noise. For the feature extraction process, the multimodal fusion of CapsNet models, including RES-CapsNet, VGG-CapsNet, and GN-CapsNet are implemented to improve the representation of features by providing more accurate initial information to subsequent capsule layers. In addition, the recurrent spiking neural network with the spiking convolutional block attention module (RSNN-CBAM) technique is performed for the leukemia cancer detection process. At last, the improved Harris hawk optimization (IHHO) approach-based hyperparameter choice can be executed to improve the classification outcomes of the RSNN-CBAM system. The efficiency of the RMFTLF-LCDC method has been validated by comprehensive studies using the benchmark image dataset. The numerical result shows that the RMFTLF-LCDC method has better performance and scalability across other recent techniques. 2025 409 426 3382 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 10.54216/FPA.170230 https://www.americaspg.com/journal/3/article/3382 https://www.americaspg.com/storage/81733996021.pdf