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  <doi_batch_id>aspg-21-4184-1791468703</doi_batch_id>
  <timestamp>20261008141143</timestamp>
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  <journal>
   <journal_metadata language="en">
    <full_title>International Journal of Neutrosophic Science</full_title>
    <abbrev_title>IJNS</abbrev_title>
    <issn media_type="print">2692-6148</issn>
    <issn media_type="electronic">2690-6805</issn>
   </journal_metadata>
   <journal_issue>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2025</year>
    </publication_date>
    <journal_volume>
     <volume>26</volume>
    </journal_volume>
    <issue>3</issue>
   </journal_issue>
   <journal_article publication_type="full_text">
    <titles>
     <title>Classification of Patients with FLAP according to their Etiopathogenic Risk Profile using Plithogenic fuzzy Soft Sets</title>
    </titles>
    <contributors>
     <person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Verónica Alicia Vega</given_name>
      <surname>Martínez</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes (UNIANDES), Campus Ibarra, Ecuador</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Danna Carolina Oliveros</given_name>
      <surname>Acosta</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes (UNIANDES), Campus Ibarra, Ecuador</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Patricia Alexandra Guajan</given_name>
      <surname>León</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes (UNIANDES), Campus Ibarra, Ecuador</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
    </contributors>
    <jats:abstract>
     <jats:p>The purpose of the study was to implement a patient classification for cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients according to their overall etiopathogenic risk profile given the multifactorial yet uncertain etiology of the disorder. To do this, a novel approach was made based on Plitogenic Fuzzy Soft Set Theory, which accommodates the simultaneous inexactness of clinically and epidemiologically derived information, ambiguous relationships of risk factors and indeterminacy of absent or conflicting information. A series of etiopathogenic parameters (genetic, environmental, and behavioral) were proposed as attributes and a set of plitogenic membership functions was used to assess each patient. Major findings enabled the classification of patients into certain risk levels (e.g. , high genetic risk, environmental dominance with less caution, mixed risk but dominantly high indeterminacy) and reveal factor composition patterns that would otherwise be invisible to classical statistical analyses. It was concluded that this model provides a superior clinical decision support system that is personalized since it quantifies the uncertainty of FLAP's etiology for more accurate risk stratification and preventative or early intervention planning more applicable to the complicated reality of all patients.</jats:p>
    </jats:abstract>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2025</year>
    </publication_date>
    <pages>
     <first_page>388</first_page>
     <last_page>399</last_page>
    </pages>
    <publisher_item>
     <item_number item_number_type="article-number">4184</item_number>
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     <ai:license_ref applies_to="vor">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ai:license_ref>
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     <doi>10.54216/IJNS.260329</doi>
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