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  <doi_batch_id>aspg-22-4328-1791483623</doi_batch_id>
  <timestamp>20261008182023</timestamp>
  <depositor>
   <depositor_name>American Scientific Publishing Group</depositor_name>
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  <journal>
   <journal_metadata language="en">
    <full_title>International Journal of BIM and Engineering Science</full_title>
    <abbrev_title>IJBES</abbrev_title>
    <issn media_type="electronic">2571-1075</issn>
   </journal_metadata>
   <journal_issue>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2026</year>
    </publication_date>
    <journal_volume>
     <volume>12</volume>
    </journal_volume>
    <issue>2</issue>
   </journal_issue>
   <journal_article publication_type="full_text">
    <titles>
     <title>A BIM-Linked Mathematical Decision Model for Energy Retrofit Prioritisation in Existing Building Portfolios</title>
    </titles>
    <contributors>
     <person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Ashraf</given_name>
      <surname>Elhendawi</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>School of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, University of Greater Manchester, Bolton, UK</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
     <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
      <given_name>Moustafa</given_name>
      <surname>Metwally</surname>
      <affiliations>
       <institution>
        <institution_name>Graduate School of Management (GSM), Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Malaysia</institution_name>
       </institution>
      </affiliations>
     </person_name>
    </contributors>
    <jats:abstract>
     <jats:p>Building information modelling is increasingly applied to structure engineering information across the life cycle of built assets, but existing buildings are often underconnected to operational data for retrofit prioritisation. This research proposes a BIM-connected retrofit prioritisation model that converts building-performance information into an engineering information layer for initial screening. The method integrates BIM-aligned feature organisation, transparent machine learning, diagnostic validation, and scenario-driven screening to flag buildings for further assessment by engineers. The paper proposes a workflow for institutions and cities seeking to transition from disparate disclosure records to evidence-based retrofit prioritisation without relying on the immediate availability of digital twins. The results suggest that operational, geometric, and typological features can be used to generate interpretable screening markers that help guide engineering judgement, benchmarking, and incremental retrofit strategies. This research offers a replicable model that supplements, rather than substitutes for, in-depth audit and modelling.</jats:p>
    </jats:abstract>
    <publication_date media_type="online">
     <year>2026</year>
    </publication_date>
    <pages>
     <first_page>25</first_page>
     <last_page>31</last_page>
    </pages>
    <publisher_item>
     <item_number item_number_type="article-number">4328</item_number>
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     <doi>10.54216/IJBES.120204</doi>
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