SmartTutor-GPT: An AI-Driven Intelligent Tutoring System Using

ChatGPT for Enhancing Personalized Learning in Online

Education Platforms

Alcardo Alex Barakabitze1,*

1 AI and Emerging Technologies Lab, Department of Informatics and IT, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania

Received: June 20, 2026 Revised: July 24, 2026 Accepted: August 16, 2026 ⋆ Corresponding author

ABSTRACT

In the current era, the rapid evolution of artificial intelligence has opened doors to combining education with

cutting-edge AI capabilities. However, prominent online learning platforms like Coursera and Udemy have not

yet tapped into this synergy. This paper proposes an intelligent tutoring system that leverages AI innovations such

as ChatGPT to enhance the online learning experience and improve student performance. To achieve this, the

paper use the OpenAI interface to interact with ChatGPT, employing a suite of frameworks including React, Spring

Boot, and Flask for a seamless front-end and back-end service delivery. On the infrastructure front, the robust

capabilities of AWS, Kubernetes, Docker, and Jenkins is employed to facilitate continuous integration and continuous

deployment (CICD). To assess the effectiveness of our system, we use a combination of A/B tests, tree tests, and

questionnaires. These methods are complemented by stress tests and monitoring mechanisms to ensure reliability.

While the proposed system satisfied the majority of functional and non-functional requirements, the experimental

group demonstrated greater learning gains than the control group, with average scores increasing from 0.50 to 3.33

(improvement = 2.83), compared with 0.66 to 3.00 (improvement = 2.33) for the control group. The lower variance

in the experimental group (0.333 vs. 1.00) indicates more consistent outcomes; however, the t-test results suggest

that the difference in learning outcomes was not statistically conclusive.

Keywords: AI Online learning Intelligent learning system ITS ChatGPT OpenAI digital learning digital

education and innovation

1. INTRODUCTION

Education is fundamental to the socio-economic progress

of societies and pivotal in alleviating poverty. Yet, millions

globally remain devoid of this privilege. The United Nations

Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

reports that by 2030, approximately 225 million children,

adolescents, and youth will not be in school, while 750 million

adults worldwide lack basic literacy [1]. These statistics

emphasize the need for innovative interventions to close the

educational divide. In the digital era, a significant challenge

that the global educational arena grapples with is the conspicuous

disparity in educational resources and opportunities.

Since the early 20th century, Intelligent Tutoring Systems

(ITS), sophisticated platforms that offer personalized guidance

and feedback to learners without the need for human

intervention, have emerged as a potentially transformative

solution to bridge this disparity [2].

The advent of ITS has revolutionized the pedagogical landscape,

enabling educators to disseminate educational content