Journal of Cognitive Human-Computer Interaction JCHCI 2771-1463 2771-1471 10.54216/JCHCI https://www.americaspg.com/journals/show/3995 2021 2021 Department of Information Science and Engineering, HKBK College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India Sneha Sneha Department of Information Science and Engineering, HKBK College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India Akifulla Kha Department of Information Science and Engineering, HKBK College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India Hanan Abdul Razack Department of Information Science and Engineering, HKBK College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India Ibaad Khan Artificial Intelligence (AI) is reshaping healthcare by transforming disease diagnosis, treatment planning, and preventive care. Its origins trace back to the 1970s with expert systems like MYCIN, which pioneered the integration of computational intelligence into clinical decision-making. Today, AI harnesses machine learning, natural language processing, and computer vision to process large-scale medical data, detect intricate patterns, and generate precise insights. This paper presents a detailed review of AI’s progression in healthcare, focusing on its foundational technologies, significant applications, and persistent challenges. Key aspects explored include AI’s contributions to medical imaging, drug development, robotic-assisted procedures, and patient care, emphasizing its role in improving accuracy and efficiency in healthcare services. Additionally, this review examines pressing concerns such as data security, ethical dilemmas, and biases in AI models, while discussing strategies to address these challenges. By analyzing current advancements and future possibilities, this study highlights AI’s expanding role in shaping healthcare innovations and enhancing global medical outcomes. 2025 2025 23 32 10.54216/JCHCI.100103 https://www.americaspg.com/articleinfo/25/show/3995