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Metaheuristic Optimization Review

ISSN
Online: 3066-280X
Frequency

Semi-annual (January, June)

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Open access journal. All articles are freely available online with no APC.

Metaheuristic Optimization Review
Full Length Article

Volume 3Issue 1PP: 49-60 • 2025

Artificial Intelligence for Face Recognition in Security Systems: A Review of Algorithms and Challenges

El-Sayed M. El-kenawy 1* ,
Anis Ben Ghorbal 2
1School of ICT, Faculty of Engineering, Design and Information & Communications Technology (EDICT), Bahrain Polytechnic, PO Box 33349, Isa Town, Bahrain
2Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia.
* Corresponding Author.
Received: November 20, 2024 Revised: December 18, 2024 Accepted: January 15, 2025

Abstract

FRT is acknowledged as one of the successful advancements of biometric applications in security, surveillance, health care and innovative solutions. More so, the past decade has seen improvements in deep learning, pre-trained Neural Network Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), and combining methods such as ensembles, which have highly improved the FRT's Accuracy and efficiency. Nonetheless, several issues remain – facial expression, illumination, demographic biases or adversarial and backdoor threats. Such limitations require new approaches and tools to enhance FRT's reliability and ethical use. The current review also presents ethical concerns and the social consequences of using FRT.

Keywords

Facial recognition technology deep learning neural networks biases adversarial attacks ethics.

References

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El-kenawy, El-Sayed M., Ghorbal, Anis Ben. "Artificial Intelligence for Face Recognition in Security Systems: A Review of Algorithms and Challenges." Metaheuristic Optimization Review, vol. Volume 3, no. Issue 1, 2025, pp. 49-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/MOR.030105
El-kenawy, E., Ghorbal, A. (2025). Artificial Intelligence for Face Recognition in Security Systems: A Review of Algorithms and Challenges. Metaheuristic Optimization Review, Volume 3(Issue 1), 49-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/MOR.030105
El-kenawy, El-Sayed M., Ghorbal, Anis Ben. "Artificial Intelligence for Face Recognition in Security Systems: A Review of Algorithms and Challenges." Metaheuristic Optimization Review Volume 3, no. Issue 1 (2025): 49-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/MOR.030105
El-kenawy, E., Ghorbal, A. (2025) 'Artificial Intelligence for Face Recognition in Security Systems: A Review of Algorithms and Challenges', Metaheuristic Optimization Review, Volume 3(Issue 1), pp. 49-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/MOR.030105
El-kenawy E, Ghorbal A. Artificial Intelligence for Face Recognition in Security Systems: A Review of Algorithms and Challenges. Metaheuristic Optimization Review. 2025;Volume 3(Issue 1):49-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/MOR.030105
E. El-kenawy, A. Ghorbal, "Artificial Intelligence for Face Recognition in Security Systems: A Review of Algorithms and Challenges," Metaheuristic Optimization Review, vol. Volume 3, no. Issue 1, pp. 49-60, 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54216/MOR.030105
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