International Journal of Neutrosophic Science

Critical to protecting people, property, and communities from the devastating effects of catastrophes and other crises is the field of emergency management. Effective emergency management relies on several aspects that must be identified and prioritized if positive results are to be achieved. Preparedness, planning, leadership, governance, information management, resource management, community participation, resilience, and a culture of continuous improvement are all discussed in this article as crucial elements of emergency management. Professionals in emergency management may strengthen their talents, boost response coordination, and instill resilience by learning about and using these elements. This paper used multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) to deal with the various factors of emergency management. The decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method is used to compute the weights of criteria and relationships between factors in emergency management. The DEMATEL method is integrated with the neutrosophic set to deal with uncertain data. There are six main factors and nineteen sub-factors are used in this paper. We obtained the Preparedness and Planning is the best factor.

The fundamental goal of this study is to propose the concept of a bipolar single-valued heptapartitioned neutrosophic set (BSVHNS). We also outline the fundamental of BSVHNS traits and illustrate a few sample theorems. We define the fundamentals of the properties of the accuracy and scoring functions for the BSVHNS. The bipolar single-valued heptapartitioned mean in neutrosophic arithmetic (BSVHMNA) operator and the bipolar single-valued heptapartitioned mean in neutrosophic geometric (BSVHMNG) operator are defined and their fundamental properties are established in this article. We develop two Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) strategies in the context of the BSVHNS environment: One is BSVHNS-MADM strategy which is on the BSVHMNA operator and another one is BSVHNS-MADM strategy which is on the BSVHMNG operator. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed procedures using a numerical example drawn from the actual world.

This paper introduces the concept of cubic spherical neutrosophic sets (CSNSs), a geometric representation of neutrosophic sets, as well as a specification of its operational principles. In CSNs, two aggregation operators are investigated. The shape of CSNSs represents the evaluation values of alternatives with respect to criteria in a MCDM strategy based on the two aggregation operators and cosine distance for CSNSs. The cosine distance between an alternative and the ideal alternative is used to rank them, and the best alternative(s) can be selected. A numerical example concludes by demonstrating the use of the suggested method.

Deli developed the idea of interval-valued neutrosophic soft set (IVNSS) as an extension of soft set (SS) theory. The interval-valued neutrosophic soft set (IVNSS) plays a critical role in handling indeterminacy and inconsistent information during the decision-making process. Similar to other models, this newly proposed model has to fulfil some algebraic operations. The aim of this paper is to present further algebraic operations for the IVNSSs. Some algebraic operations on IVNSSs are introduced. Specifically, algebraic operations of addition, multiplication, scalar multiplication, and power for the IVNSSs are presented. As well, many examples are also presented, along with supporting proofs.In addition, we explained the mechanism of using these algebraic operations in solving decision-making problems.

Fuzzy rings are considered as generalizations of classical rings, where they are defined by using the fuzzical membership function. This paper is dedicated to defining and study fuzzy semi-unital ring of order n in a similar way to the same classical type of rings, where many elementary properties will be discussed in terms of theorems with many related examples that clarify the validity of this work.

The main goal of this paper is to study the geometrical characterization of the solutions for a vectorial equation defined in the two/three dimensional Euclidean spaces. The geometrical characterization of the solutions for the desired vectorial equation is obtained for many different values of t based on the circles and spheres in some generalizations of the real field, especially dual numbers, weak fuzzy complex numbers split-complex numbers, and complex numbers.

First Von Shtawzen's Diophantine equation is a non-linear Diophantine equation with three variables . This equation has been conjectured that it has a finite number of integer solutions, and this number of solutions is divisible by 6. Second Von Shtawzen's Diophantine equation is a non-linear Diophantine equation with four variables. This equation has been conjectured that it has a finite number of integer solutions, and this number of solutions is divisible by 8. In this paper, we prove that first Von Shtawzen's conjecture is true, where we show that first Von Shtawzen's Diophantine equations has exactly 12 solutions. On the other hand, we find all solutions of this Diophantine equations. In addition, we provide a full proof of second Von Shtawzen's conjecture, where we prove that the previous Diophantine equation has exactly 16 solutions, and we determine all of its possible solutions

In this paper, we introduce the concept of reverse sharp ordering on Neutrosophic Fuzzy matrix (NFM) as a special case of minus ordering. We also introduce the concept of reverse left-T and right-T orderings for NFM as an analogue of left-star and right-star partial orderings for complex matrices. Several properties of these ordering are derived. We show that these ordering preserve its Moore-penrose inverse property. Finally, we show that these ordering are identical for certain class of NFM.

Pythagorean neutrosophic sets (PNS) have been recognized as a highly effective mechanism for managing situations characterized by indeterminacy and inconsistency within decision-making procedures. This paper delves into the examination of algebraic operations performed on PNS, thereby expanding their scope of application, and enhancing their utility. In this study, we put forth a set of algebraic operations that can be applied to PNS. These operations encompass addition, multiplication, scalar multiplication, and power. These operations facilitate the efficient manipulation and combination of PNS, thereby enhancing decision-making in scenarios characterized by uncertainty and vagueness. To demonstrate the efficacy of these operations, we will present several illustrative examples accompanied by corroborating proofs. The introduction of algebraic operations enhances the capabilities of PNS, thereby creating opportunities for their practical application.

Software-defined networks (SDN) have developed an understanding of the technological world in recent decades, which has led scholars to become interested in its problems. One of the primary issues facing SDN networks is security. We discovered that ARP assaults constitute a significant threat to SDN, so we provided in this survey the most recent solutions put forth to counteract these attacks, and rank the technical solutions based on the neutrosophic set. The neutrosophic set is used to deal with uncertain data in the evaluation process. The neutrosophic set is integrated with the TOPSIS method to obtain the rank of the proposed solutions. The TOPSIS method is used to give a rank of alternatives with specified criteria. This will make it easier for future researchers to identify and combat the three different forms of ARP attacks—ARP flooding assault, ARP spoofing attack, and ARP broadcasting attack. Prior to that, we went into more detail on SDN networks, including their design and, in particular, the shortcomings of the ARP protocol. Since SDN focuses on separating the controller plane from the data plane and centralizing the controller, it differs significantly from traditional networks and has stirred considerable controversy in the networking industry. Due to the fact that SDN is software-based, it offers greater flexibility, scalability, programmatic management, and control. The decoupling of the control and forwarding planes also enables SDN to connect to applications via application programming interfaces (APIs), supporting application security and performance and resulting in a scalable and dynamic network architecture. Contrarily, because traditional networks are hardware-based, they must use fixed functions and specialized hardware and devices to control the network. As a result, scaling traditional networks requires purchasing new hardware, which is a common issue. The SDN network architecture and its properties, as well as the most significant issues—particularly the three different types of ARP attacks that affect SDN—are covered in some sections of this research. These sections also discuss the best current remedies for these issues and outline the ongoing work that will eventually result in an ideal SDN network architecture free of significant security issues.

This review article focuses on the integration of Neutrosophic Set Theory and Extended Fuzzy Set Theory in the context of Linear Programming (LP) problems. Neutrosophic set theory deals with uncertain, imprecise, and indeterminate information, while Extended Fuzzy Set Theory extends the classical fuzzy set theory to handle more complex and nuanced membership degrees. The combination of these two frameworks provides a powerful toolset for modeling and solving LP problems in environments where uncertainty and ambiguity are prevalent. This review aims to analyze and summarize the existing literature on Neutrosophic Linear Programming problems in extended fuzzy environments, exploring the theoretical foundations and practical applications. The review article seeks to contribute to the understanding of these integrated approaches and their potential for addressing decision-making problems under complex and uncertain conditions.

In this paper, the notions of neutrosophic subalgebras, neutrosophic ideals, and neutrosophic deductive systems of Hilbert algebras are introduced, and some related properties are investigated. Relations between the notions are given. Finally, we study the properties of homomorphism of Hilbert algebras.

In this research, we introduce a neutrosopic extension of the Ramous Louzada Distribution called the Inverse Ramous Louzada Distribution. We delve into several mathematical properties of this distribution, including the Survival function, Hazard Rate function, cumulative Hazard Rate function, and estimation technique. Moreover, we conduct a comparative analysis between the Inverse Weibull distribution and the traditional Ramous Louzada Distribution, which are two widely used distributions. Our aim is to assess the performance of the developed model through Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), Standard Error (SE), and Goodness of Fit tests.

In the field of survival analysis, the Lindley distribution is used to mimic methods used with human lifespan data. A variety of survival statistics with indeterminacies are intended to be characterized by the neutrosophic Lindley distribution (NLD). In example, modeling unknown data that is roughly positively skewed makes use of the established distribution. The neutrosophic survival function, neutrosophic hazard rate, and neutrosophic moments are three of the developed NLD's major statistical features that are discussed in this article. Additionally, the well-known maximum likelihood estimation method is used to estimate the neutrosophic parameters. A simulation study is conducted to see whether the projected neutrosophic parameters were attained. Not to mention that discussions of prospective NLD real-world applications have made use of actual data. To demonstrate how well the suggested model performed in comparison to the existing distributions, actual data were used.

This paper aims to determine the level of potential and effective capacity of university youth entrepreneurship in Peru, analyzed from the indicators of social skills, attitude towards opportunities, cognitive skills, positive self-assessment and continuity, and finally coping skills. The research was carried out in four public and private universities in the country (National Autonomous University of Huanta, National University San Cristóbal de Huamanga, Universidad Peruana los Andes, and Universidad Continental), and the sample was 120 students, 30 from each university. A survey of 50 questions was used, 25 of each dimension, the instrument was validated by expert judgment, with a very good applicability opinion. The authors of the article decided to replace the traditional Likert scale with an Indeterminate Likert Scale since in this way the opinion of the respondents is more accurately taken into account. The Indeterminate Likert Scale allows the respondent to give a degree of opinion in every one of the possible answers, instead of selecting a single answer. In this way, the respondent can more reliably express their feelings and thoughts that may contain contradictions. The survey was supported by a graph that allowed the respondents to make the evaluations without the need to delve into the neutrosophic theory. The survey data were statistically processed to carry out the study with the help of Spearman's rho coefficient.