Journal of Social Problems Research

The introduction and use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have meant a vertiginous leap in scientific-technical development on a global scale, they have become an indispensable element in all facets of society. Without a doubt, the use of the Internet makes life easier for users, but those benefits become dangerous when unscrupulous people silently infiltrate to damage not only technical equipment but also the finances of individuals, companies, and governments. The objective of the investigation is to determine the main types of computer crimes existing in Ecuador, as well as the possible solutions to avoid them. Different research techniques and methods were studied, such as synthetic analytical, inductive deductive, logical historical, as well as the descriptive method, interviews, and surveys in the same way that tools such as descriptive surveys and referential research were used. To fulfill the proposed objective, the AHP Saaty and Vikor multicriteria methods were used, where the crimes with the highest probability of occurring in the country and the best techniques to combat them were obtained as conclusions.

The migration issue has been an inseparable part of the international scene since the beginning of the Third Millennium, together with its possibilities for transformation and development. If the regional, national, governmental, and civil society agendas are observed, they all have approaches to the issue of international migration. States have the right to regulate movements across their borders; international cooperation aimed at reducing irregular migration contemplates both a punitive aspect related to law enforcement and a protection and human rights approach. Ecuador is one of the few countries that has the dual quality of sending and receiving migrants. Added to this situation is the reception of displaced persons from other nations, a different but complementary phenomenon to migration, which has made it the first country of refuge in Latin America and lately the country of transit. Based on the analysis through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) multicriteria decision method, it is intended to evaluate the causes of international migration, and focus them on the current context of Ecuador, in the study of an adequate migration policy.

Blockchain technology has put in the hands of humanity the solution to many practical problems that are present today in various organizations. Smart contracts are part of the improvements that were introduced from the use of this technology and were widely accepted by users in general. Various applications are included in the development of this type of platform, which has reached the legal field as a solution to the current problems of Contract Law. The selection of the best alternative, when hiring its implementation, leads to not making optimal use of resources during the process. That is why the main objective of the research was focused on designing and implementing a procedure, in the form of an exercise, for the selection of a smart contracting system in the legal field. In its fulfillment, the authors had the support of a heterogeneous group of experts in the field who determined the factors for their selection and their respective weight through the Kendall concordance method. Subsequently, the use of these factors in the VIKOR (VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromiso Resenje) method made it possible to determine the best alternative to hire.

The present study describes the main associations between the occurrence of crimes of robbery, homicide, assault, and vandalism in the face of exposure to risk factors for juvenile delinquency, according to the literature consulted. For this, expert knowledge is processed through the AHP multi-criteria decision method and statistical analysis for data validation. A random selection of 350 files of minors under 21 years of age processed during the year 2021 for causes attributable to homicide, robbery, property damage, and assault was carried out, as well as a bibliographic review to determine the study variables to be analyzed. It was observed that drug consumption is associated with the occurrence of vandalism, homicides, and robberies. Likewise, a statistically significant association was observed between belonging to criminal gangs and the occurrence of vandalism and robbery. The analysis carried out revealed the existence of significant relationships in terms of exposure to violent housing environments and the performance of robbery, vandalism, and assault in the young defendants. It was possible to observe the existence of a certain degree of association between child abuse and the occurrence of robbery and assault.

This paper carries out a study on the municipal ordinance of the canton of Babahoyo, which in accordance with the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador and the Organic Code of Territorial Organization, Autonomy, and Decentralization, establishes the responsibility of the Decentralized Autonomous Governments within their geographical area, which compulsorily adopt technical standards for the prevention and management of risks in their territories to protect people, community and nature in their territorial ordering processes. The field investigation was carried out in the Clemente Baquerizo parish in the city of Babahoyo, a locality that has been working to apply contingency plans and prevention measures before the declaration of a health emergency, in addition to actions according to the provisions of the declaration of emergency. A form with five questions was applied to a population of 30 inhabitants of the sector. Public policies applied in emergencies respond to a need that arises unexpectedly, however, it was shown that their effectiveness and scope are related to co-responsibility and the inclusion of all parties involved to specify strategies that benefit the highest percentage of the population.

The current generation was practically born with technology and has evolved along with the form of communication since ICTs have provided countless platforms for personal relationships to be more effective virtually. As for harassment on social networks, these cases have not been able to be eradicated per se. This type of harassment occurs in different forms since there are different types of harassment in social networks such as harassment, blackmail, humiliation, insults, extortion, and teasing. That is why the objective of this work is to evaluate, through a critical legal analysis document, how the violation of privacy affects those who suffer from harassment or extortion in social networks in the Babahoyo canton. And in order to obtain the results, qualitative and quantitative methods were used. In the same way, a previous digital survey was applied to certain inhabitants of the citadel: El Mamey. There must be always accompaniment that, in case of being victims of harassment and violence, to make them feel heard and not guilty, to fully guarantee the rights that all the inhabitants of the Babahoyo canton have.